A unique radiolarian fauna recovered from the top part of the Changxingian stage in south Guizhou, Southwest China, includes at least nineteen species one of which is new. The fauna is mainly composed of Permian species extensively distributed all over the world, such as Hegleria mammilla (Sheng and Wang, 1985); Ishigaum trifustis De Wever and Caridroit, 1984; Foremanhelena triangula De Wever and Caridroit, 1984; Triplanospongos dekkaensis (Noble and Renne, 1990); Nazarovella gracilis De Wever and Caridroit, 1984; and Nazarovella inflata Sashida and Tonishi, 1986, among others. Besides these species, a new radiolarian assemblage, represented by Copicyntra ziyunensis new species; Copiellintra fontainei (Sashida, 2000); Klaengspongus spinosus Sashida, 2000; and Paroertlispongus? sp., was discovered in South China. The assemblage only occurs in less than 10 m siliceous rock strata under the Permian-Triassic boundary at south Guizhou, Guangxi, and north Sichuan. Although only a few new species appeared during this period, they are very important for understanding both the radiolarian extinction at the end of the Permian and the relation between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic Radiolaria.